Helen Tuggle

artist-alias Kėkė Søl

Berlin-based un-disciplined artist, researching the intersections of sound, film, performance and somatic research. My artworks are a space to explore how contemplative embodiment and improvisation can be a point of access to sense the living and connective tissue between ourselves, the spaces we inhabit and one another. By working across disciplines and sense-organs, I seek to create experiences through my art that invite introspection and innate curiosity, out of which the unexpected may emerge.

My sound compositions and live music vary across genres, from ambient soundscapes to techno, electronic indie, emotive cinematic and minimalist acoustic. My music and sound projects can be found on Spotify and SoundCloud, under the alias Kėkė Søl. Almost all published tracks are one take; unedited and loved especially for their experimental imperfections – moments in time that can never be repeated.

I studied German philosophy and literature at Yale University (class of ’17), with a focus on existentialism in the age of extinction risk. My fine arts studies included watercolor with Adam van Doren and the color blue with Jessica Helfand.

In 2019, I moved to Thailand, where I studied and performed Contact Improvisation dance with Reverse Rivers Company, founded by Sasha Dødø and Dolores Dewhurt-Marks, which culminated in a series of artistic residencies and dance intensives that explored the cross-sections of somatic research practice, physical theatre and original contact improvisation principles. During this time, I opened my own atelier where I facilitated art therapy workshops and completed a collection of paintings, sculptures and several installations for exhibitions planned to take place in Koh Phangan and Bangkok, though they were unfortunately postponed due to the corona virus pandemic. The collection is now on display in Berlin. I moved from Thailand to Berlin to work with Olafur Eliasson and develop my own artistic practice. I continue to collaborate with Eliasson and other local and international artists on sonic and visual projects.

For several years, I occupied two worlds: the somatic/dance/music/art world, and the erotic/kink/BDSM world. I always kept them separate, to spare the integrity of the sensually poetic from being tainted with the brutal stigmatization of the sexual (especially in dance). However, as my artistic language began to develop its own personality in the last couple of years, these worlds began to merge. At the start of 2023, I co-founded an artistic research group and queer sex-curious collective, called Prey. Within the Berlin-based artistic haven, my collaborators and I blended the roles of an art production house and an inclusive event space, fostering an environment of exploration, transformation, and artistic expression.

Within the context of Prey and its artistic community, my performance/installation/film research began to explore the intertwined relationship between eroticism and creativity, asserting their interconnectedness within the human experience. My recent performance artworks and immersive sex-inclusive events investigate how the fusion of vulnerability, truth-seeking, and queer empowerment intricately woven together cultivate a distinct tapestry that nurtures the emergence of creative liberation, trust and unraveling of the subconscious. These curiosities manifested into a cross-disciplinary research group of Berlin-based artists, sex-workers and pleasure activists. Prey has since disbanded, but the artists still gather regularly under the guide of an erotic research group/ensemble that I lead to transform our questions into performance practices, research and movement labs, and artworks.

Since beginning my Masters degree in Sound Studies at the University of Art in Berlin in October 2023, my research has become more focused on deep listening practices and the somatic implications of listening, from feminist, queer, ecological and new-materialist perspectives. This has culminated in works such as an erotic sound-work for radio, aired by Refuge Radio in Berlin, a podcast interview by Crude about the intersection of eroticism and sound art, an ecological sound-map that depicts glacial erosion in a valley in the Austrian Alps that has been grossly affected by rising temperatures, a textile-based sculptural work in collaboration with Nellie Gossen and Lisa Simpson that explores a therapeutic approach to art-making to address grief from a non-linear and process-oriented perspective, and several experimental films that explore queer-feminist, erotic, and new-materialist concepts/questions. More works are in the making. Film has become an especially central medium to me, as it offers a potent space to question the role of witness/performance in the process of experimental art making.

Research Topics: deep listening, more-than-human, eroticism-spirituality-creativity, sensuality and sensory touch/listening, physical and spacial presence, eco-somatics, body and nature inter-relation (especially with bodies/forms of water), improvisation as a tool for authentic self expression, artistic practices that bridge the gap between spirit and the physicality of the human experience – between physical and metaphysical.

If you are interested in collaborating, please email me at seelenlabor@gmail.com

Projects

Performances, Residencies & Artworks

Erotic Film & Audio Experiments
2023-Present - Berlin, Germany
This film & audio series embarks on an introspective journey, delving into the intricate interplay between the filmmaker and the observed, weaving a tapestry of intimacy and introspection. The central theme revolves around the dynamic of “witnessing/being seen,” inviting participants to engage with their essence on a profound level. Rooted in sensuality rather than sexuality, the series aims to capture genuine moments of vulnerability, free from the constraints of performance or pretense. The audio narration aim to challenge power-dynamics of listening, paying close attention to the quality of listening evokes by the audio for the listener, and twisting gender roles to empower the queer/feminist perspective.

AI Collaboration, Film & Sound Experiments
2023-Present - Berlin, Germany
The foundation of the project is pure chaos and improvisation/instant composition, testing the creative potential of AI alone, and in collaboration with human interaction. The research is centred around how artificial intelligence responds to impulsive poetry, in an attempt to make sense of it or simply express itself. Thereby arises a phenomenology of poetic imagery and sound. I am experimenting with Runway for film projects, Udio and Sonic Pi (live coding) for sonic AI collaborations.

Lo-Fi Playground x Zukunftsmusik - Intervention of Softness
October 5, 2024 - Nürnberg, Germany
A one-day mini-festival with experimental and ambient music, transforming public spaces place into a sound oasis that invites you to slow down. Featuring Bernhard Hollinger, Panksovic, dan nicholls, CuciCuci and Kėkė Søl.
Lo-Fi Playground is a platform that focuses on adventurous and post-contemporary artists and experimental formats and forms with its events, the so-called "sessions". The platform was founded in Amsterdam in 2018 and has organized 15 events in the Netherlands and Germany. The events, which are one-day mini-festivals, always bring together unique combinations of local, (supra-)regional and international artists and combine different disciplines, such as music, light, installations, performance and somatic practices in exciting ways, e.g. at the Ambient Shibari Picnic.

Pussy Riot, Neue Nationalgalerie
July 4, 2024 - Berlin, Germany
With the performance “Rage,” the Pussy Riot collective conquered the Neue Nationalgalerie in Berlin as a stage for their protest. Sixty Pussy Riot members, including myself, performed alongside Nadya Tolokonnikova with an audience of over 2,500 people.

Sound for ‘Deep Touch’ Training Module
Summer 2024 - Berlin, Germany
Live music to accompany a training that offered the opportunity to gain skills for working with touch in dance, in contact with humans and non human surfaces, in Contact improvisation, Contemporary Technique and composition. Rosalind Holgate-Smith introduced a collection of listening, light and deep touch techniques that she has developed over the past 4 years through her work with Contact Improvisation, and Somatic practices including Body Mind Centering, Skinner Release Technique, & a PhD about how touch enables encounters with Otherness.

Embodied Presence, Listening Practices
January 2024 - Berlin, Germany, Somatische Akademie
In this Somatic Health Series, Joséphine Evrard facilitated a process of access and inhabiting this inner space by sharing “listening-presence” practices, which are based on the Perceptual Pedagogy/Danis Bois method, while also integrating the meditation of full presence. By integrating both artistic and therapeutic practice, we explored how presence arises, manifests, transforms and dissolves, which traces presence leaves in an inner and outer space, and how both are in constant resonance with each other.

Body-Mind Centering® Training Series
January 2024 - Berlin, Germany, Somatische Akademie
”Body-Mind Centering is a somatic approach that exploring one’s body from the cellular to macro structures like body systems. Each class includes a somatic exploration on a theme. It is about one’s own embodiment of that theme through somatization, movement and touch. In the hour a body resonates in its own way. In doing so, a curious state of mind is invited to engage with what wants to emerge from the resonance. People can resonate in different ways, so that different movement impulses can result in a diversity in space, which still is connected by the mind of the body theme. How do different themes show up in one’s own experience? How do different themes show up in one’s own experience? Sharing about one’s own experience brings possibility of reflection and togetherness.”

Veil of Intimacy
2023
Veil of Intimacy is an immersive art installation that reimagines voyeurism and self-reflection as a nuanced exploration of human connection, vulnerability, and the act of observing. This multi-dimensional experience invites participants to engage with their roles as both observers and participants, fostering a deep sense of empathy and self-awareness.

I Love You
Spring/Summer 2023 – Berlin, Germany
I Love You is a series of performances by PREY artists Kéké and Ame that create a safe realm of love in order to explore the edges of human experience; a celebratory ritual of inter-being.
For the initial performance (July 1st, 2023), we stood a few hundred meters apart on top of an old war bunker overlooking Berlin and yelled “I Love You” to each other for three hours through megaphones.
July 25th to July 26th: Each day offered 6-hour durational performance art pieces (2pm-8pm). On the first day, the audience was invited to spit on Ame’s naked body laying on the bunker floor, and the second day, they were invited to pull notes out of a plastic bag inserted in their vagina with creative desires written on them while Ame laid completely still wrapped in plastic foil. Ina separate area of the bunker, Kėkė conducted a sound instillation. Two large wooden panels with abstract paintings on them were placed horizontally with contact sensors attached underneath. The sensors fed textured sounds into a network of distortion pedals (Microcosm, Cosmos, Particle by Red Panda), which interacted with a Moog Subharmonicon to create an ambient soundscape that reverberated throughout the bunker. Pastels, chalk and metal geometric objects were placed on the panels for the audience to interact with and create echoes and randomised patterns within the soundscape.

Touch & Play: Exploring the Relational Body
July 29 to August 3, 2023 – Glastonbury, UK
At this year’s Touch & Play festival, I played live music for CI jams and facilitated two workshops:
“In Our Eyes”: Where intimacy becomes art! Join this playful workshop to explore the art of creating, offering & receiving intimate choreography. Switch roles as a witness, actor, and director to craft your own enticing film scene. We’ll work with our phones and a 6K camera to bring our wildest, silliest, sweetest fantasies to life.
“Under the Skin”: A partnered/grouped ritual in nature where the body is scrubbed with coffee grounds and rubbed in coconut oil to create visceral skin-sensation experiences. It turns into something like liquid love, but with more sensory skin play leading up to all the bodies converging, and substances like honey and ice cubes. There will be an invitation to touch the bark of trees, grass and other natural textures, then returning to the softest of bodies and skin. Eventually melting into a pool of moving skin – celebrating its incredible texture and softness.

The Unveiling
Spring/Summer 2023 – Berlin, Germany
The Unveiling film and performance, by Rosalind Holgate-Smith.
Videography by Kėkė Søl and Taiga Trigo.
The Unveiling is a slow ritual undressing, an unveiling of clothes and layers beneath which we exist. In this ritual, we dive into the affects of touch, exploring the skin as continuous, through the orifices, and into the digestive tract. In guiding this immersive movement meditation, Rosalind uses touch techniques that she has been exploring over the past few years, including a technique of maintaining slow, continuous pressure with all surfaces, beginning with the ground, the fabric of our clothes, and our own skin.

HeArt of Being
April 7-9, 2023 – Berlin, Germany
Two-day non-verbal residency based in improvisation. Hosted by Prey & Francisco Borges.

Meeting Point Residency and Performance
March 8-14, 2023 – Berlin, Germany
A dance/physical theatre duet by Tomáš Wortner and Danny Kearns
Meeting Point, initially developed as material for a film, has morphed itself into a live improvised score, a meeting of two people in space seeking to investigate shared questions of intimacy, failure, and vulnerability. Kėkė hosted Danny and Tomáš in her home for five days to experiment with sound and movement resonance. The sessions culminated in a live performance. All recordings of the sessions and performance can be found on SoundCloud under Kėkė Søl, Meeting Point.

Sonic Somatic Dance Session
March 10, 2023 – Berlin, Germany
Live music to accompany guided somatic dance class with Gaga dancer, Tanja Saban. Two hours of ambient into techno.

Wild Love Film
2023 – Iceland
Sound composition for dance film-performance about “returning home to self-love and collaboration, reconnecting to the earth and our lovely humanity, healing first ourselves from old wounds and beliefs, separation and isolation to truly feel that we are made of the elements and one with creation, we heal through earth and earth heals through us — a human love story.”

Listening Touch
December 9, 2022 – Medley in Berlin, Germany
Medley residency artwork of Rosalind Holgate Smith, inspired by her PhD work on listening touch research. Listening Touch is a one-to-one interaction with a touch guide in which you are invited to rest, move and respond. This is a hands on offering without expectations, supporting awareness of subtle sensations and what the body innately knows and needs.
Kėkė contributed a sound offering of live acoustic soundscape of crystal bowls, Tibetan bowls, and spoken word poetry to accompany the movement.

BLIND
November 12-13, 2022 – Acker Stadt Palast Theatre in Berlin, Germany
A walk into the dark to discover how we see and what we believe in.
A solo performance that invites its audience to reflect on the nature of contemporary existence, BLIND is the Berlin debut of director, writer, and performer Paul Budraitis.
At the outset, audience members will be blindfolded and led into the performance space, where they will be asked to consider the ways in which they see the world, and the ways in which personal modes of belief animate their daily lives. When the blindfolds are removed, a series of hypnotic images and actions will welcome the mystery of our existence, and will bring with it a search and a plea for connection between ourselves, as well as for an acceptance of all that we can see, and all that we can not begin to understand.
Text, Direction, and Performance: Paul Budraitis
Sound Designer/Composer: Kėkė Creatur
Stage Design: Inga Aleknavičiūtė

Live Music at Ponderosa – PJAM 2022
October 13-16, 2022 – Ponderosa Arts Center, on the border of Germany and Poland
PJAM invites dedicated CI dancers to an autumnal gathering in the green grounds of Ponderosa. 
This year, an intimate group of 30 dancers came together to nourish our bodies, inspire our dances and in times of radical changes. With optimal time for dancing, we are created an event that explored new and vital forms of CI practice, invited questions, inspired investigations and cultivated community exchange. 
Kėkė’s solo sound performance accompanied CI jams and underscores, totalling to more that fifteen hours of live improvisational music and sound art over the course of three days. Kėkė played synths, guitar and sang, evoking minimal ambient sound to support the improvisational practices. These sounds were collected and arranged into an album, which is available for listening on SoundCloud. 

Gender Diversity and the Curious Body
October 12, 2022 – Studio Olafur Eliasson in Berlin, Germany
A Diversity and Inclusion Workshop in collaboration with Alexander Hahne. Input to 4 dimensions on gender diversity and embodied reflections to explore. How do you relate to your gender from within and in relation to/ with others? We explored the politics of bodies, collaboration, and empathy through touch. Questioned how we are held, formed and supported or not in the gaze of a witness. Deepened-expanded our attention not only to our own soma/body but also to the social situation, the racial, gender, and politics that shape it. Negotiated the differences in power and desire through a practice of consent in pairs – being present and seen in one’s own gender/culturally differentiated being.

Silent Conversations Art Residency
October 1-10, 2022 – Donego, Italy
Silent conversations is an extra-ordinary ten-day art laboratory, an intersection of dance improvisation, poetry and performance. The laboratory is designed as an inspirational environment for focused practice and learning from self, other and the space. The approach of the laboratory: Dance improvisation as the art of listening, poetry as a deeper form of attention, that allows a new language to arise from the embodied experience, and performance as the process of revealing what is already in the space. The practice is grounded in being physically, attentionally, and poetically available for the immediacy, and intends to enhance and refine our compositional, relational and collaborative abilities. Creating conditions within ourselves to recognize and transform ordinary into poetic, the place where every thing is alive, interconnected and about to change. Most of the time we work outside in the village, surrounding nature and neighbouring towns. This is not a silent event, yet we practice mostly in silence.

Stone & Water: Being Nature Retreat
September 24-29, 2022 – Donego, Italy
Ecosomatics, Dance Improvisation and Embodied Poetry in the contemplative mountain village of Donego, overseeing Lago Maggiore lake, in northern Italy. The retreat centers on the tangible and metaphoric conversation betwen stone & water. Discovering the silence and resilience inherent in stone, the fluency and perseverance implicit in water. Their nature invites a dynamic dialogue within us, offering a vast landscape of meaning and experience. Connecting with these elements open an integrative perspective in the bodymind we inhabit; bringing relational insights, expanded imagination, and wholeness to our expression. We relate through our bones and fluids in touch based partner work and movement explorations. Embodying the elements’ qualities and behaviours while in physical contact with each other. Encountering stone & water sensorially and poetically; anchoring our attention in the immediacy and listening beneath its surface. Deepening our sensitivity and benevolence for our interdependency with nature.We work outdoors, in the forest, river, and lake. Part of our practice happens in silence, giving more space for direct experience, witnessing and contemplation. There are invitations to write and share poetry, perform in nature, and hike in the surrounding mountains.

TAHARA
October 21-22, 2022 – Danses de Résistances by Maison de la Culture in Montreal, Canada
A dance diary of the exhaustive birthday and funeral rituals of trauma. Solo dance performance by Valerie Sabbath. Music and sound composition by Kėkė.

WEATHERING
September 8-10, 2022 – Dancehouse in Melbourne, Australia
Weathering is a new real-time choreographic work presented by [two for now], a duo of Emily Bowman and Joey Lehrer. This work delves into the interdependence of nature and human relationships in the emergent and continual process of becoming. Just as the rivulet carves the rocks, the channels of the rock guide the rivulet, and on and on. So too are human relationships formed in their emergent interconnectedness. Our actions do not transform the world, but are part of the world transforming itself. Weathering builds on the decade-long dance research practice of [two for now]. Their practice is improvisational and relational, and prioritises the physical sensations of the body—particularly in response to weight, gravity and physical contact. In performance, the dance is simultaneously discovered, negotiated and edited in real-time. With an appetite for ‘not knowing’ in the unfolding moment, Weathering seeks to bring the performers and the audience into their somatic bodies whilst considering our interconnectedness with one another, the natural world and the passage of time.
Choreographers & Performers: Emily Bowman and Joey Lehrer [two for now]
Sound Designer/Musician: Kėkė Creatur

Embodied Sound Festival
September 8-11, 2022 – Ängsbacka, Sweden
The first annual Sound and Music Festival at Ängsbacka is a brand-new four-day event aiming to arouse all senses with a total one-of-a-kind experience that combines sound healing, live music, learning, nature and art. Kėkė offered a sound & movement workshop, Resonant Spaces. The workshop offered a lecture about the physics of sound waves and vibration, followed by a guided movement practice inspired by CI to explore sensing the space between touch. 

#CIFuturism
July 10, 2022 – Oberlin College, Ohio (USA) – CI50 Critical Mass
Kėkė joined Keith Hennessy and Ishmael Houston-Jones in creating sound for an improvised and unrehearsed performance exploring practices at the confluence of, and in the gaps between, CI, post/ Contact, Black contact, queer contact, non-human contact, erotic contact, and other experiments of improvised dancing in relationship. The strategy is to celebrate the practices that have emerged alongside CI, in conversation with CI, and in resistance to CI. The goal is to generate a truly unpredictable and collaborative embodiment that might open both performers and witnesses to fresh experiences of connection, solidarity, and love. Prophetic and futuristic, we will dare to dance together. Since the 1980s, Ishmael and Keith have accumulated extensive knowledge leading or collaborating in improvised group performances, both one-time-only and following lengthy rehearsal. In addition to duo performances, most recently in Dresden 2019, Amsterdam 2020, and Berlin (2021), Ishmael and Keith were in “big” projects of ensemble improvisation: Unsafe, Unsuited (with Patrick Scully 1995-2000), Turbulence (2012-2013), and TRY (2021). We think-feel that this would be a beautiful and grounding way to enjoy CI50, and a way to center a few folks whose charisma, uniqueness, nerve, and talent might otherwise go uncelebrated.

Trying
July 9, 2022 – Oberlin College, Ohio (USA) – CI50 Critical Mass
Kėkė was invited to contribute improvised sound for Keith Hennessy and Ishmael Houston-Jones‘s movement lab at Oberlin’s CI50 Critical Mass event. Ishmael and Keith led a laboratory of sensing, dancing, improvising. Our work together explores the politics of bodies, collaboration, and empathy. We will propose solo, duet, and group practices that awaken sensibilities, wander towards the unknown, get lost in failure, and are curious about friendship. Our goal is to begin the dancing day by deepening-expanding our attention not only to our own soma/body but also to the social situation, the racial, gender, and economic politics that shape it, the ancestors and future dancers that guide us, and the symbiotic non-human relationships that are impacted. Intentionally negotiating differences in power and desire, an improvised dance emerges. This class will borrow, adapt, and renew scores from TRY, a performance choreographed by Ishmael Houston-Jones created in deep collaboration with jose e. abad, Snowflake Calvert, Keith Hennessy, Kevin O’Connor, and Gabriel Nuñez de Arco with visuals by Monica Canilao, Kendra Dorman and GG Torres.

Anime of the Space Between: A Movement/Music Lab
July 9, 2022 – Oberlin College, Ohio (USA) – CI50 Critical Mass
Kėkė joined Ophra Wolf‘s workshop as a supporting musician. The workshop invited dancers and musicians dedicated to improvisation and hungry for spaces where movement and sound are more fully alive and integrated for an afternoon of focused play. The thrust of the work is a rousing call to witness our own agency in shaping experience and to conspire to share that agency with one another. Simple scores will guide us as we explore paradigms of emergence between movement and music in the moment of improvisation.

Fusion Festival
June 29, 2022 – Berlin, Germany
Festival kick-off live solo music performance and non-verbal speed-dating facilitation at the Harbour stage

Vibrations
June 2022 – Berlin, Germany
Music and dance improvised collaboration performance series with dancers Rosalind Holgate-Smith and Keya Mosso. Sound design and live music performance by Kėkė.
In Vibration, we explore the body as a collection of forces and what happens when we collectively enter a state of instability. In this immersive sound and movement ritual, they invite you to feel what resonates. From chemical hormones to industrial noise, what reverberates? Which frequencies propagate in them? What emotions permeate them and go beyond the skin? Prepare to be churned up like the sea as we seek to discover new ideas of middle from within.

Fluid Substances Residency
April 2022 – Pembrokeshire, South Wales
Collaborative dance residency for dancers, poets and professional creative fools, who will bring together expertise in somatic practices, contact improvisation, ritual and performance.

Shared Body’s Water as Technology Residency
April 2022 – Digital/Experimental
Inspired by Sonia Kiran (Raver Jinn)’s Gatebreaking Manifesto, this open residency seeks to be a space for collective thinking, creating, and spellwork around on water as technology. We value and support unfinished and unedited work, unprocessed thoughts, curiosities, and shared research.

Dasein
February 3, 2022 – Berlin, Germany
Solo Butoh dance performance, in collaboration with sound artist and philosopher Phonoschrank

River City Gallery
April 2021 – Bangkok, Thailand
Contact improvisation performance in River City’s Van Gogh exhibition with Spine Party Movement (Nitipat Ong Pholchai) and local Thai dancers and photographers

States of Improvisation
February 2021 – Koh Phangan, Thailand
Intensive contact improvisation research, culminating in a series of group performances

The Hand
November 2020 – Koh Phangan, Thailand
Solo performance, choreography by Kėkė

Papaya
November 2020 – Koh Phangan, Thailand
Duet performance, choreography by Kėkė and Anya Weronika

Terra Incognita, CI Performance Lab
2020 – Koh Phangan, Thailand
Contact Improvisation Performance LAB- for experienced movers interested in focused and regular practice in a closed group.
Performance will have no structure, we will not use verbal or artificial sounds, or any objects. There can be solos, duos, trios, any size group formations with an option at any moment to become a witness.
During these 2 hours we are primarily meeting in the physical level; with awareness for the very physical space and physical body moving and interacting with other physical bodies. This is the significant core of contact improvisational performance. (Which is different to other styles & forms of improvised performance and to structureless open improv performance with no agreements).

Art Continuum, Nomadic Art Residency
2020-Present – Koh Phangan, Thailand
Continuous research, performance and workshops with Reverse Rivers dance company in Thailand, over the course of the year. Intensives averaging six hours per day for several weeks at a time. 
Art continuum residency is designed for international artistic exchange, development and production of art, focused in fields of dance improvisation, performance, poetry and film.
The residency is a supportive and inspiring environment for emerging artists and artists searching for new perspectives, multidisciplinary experimentation and artistic development in collaboration.
It supports the process of clarifying artistic vision and mastering its articulation.
It gathers people of different backgrounds and nationalities, both amateur and professional.
The program contains long and short durational workshops, projects and laboratories based on the art continuum method.
The methodis framework for artistic development, ongoing research of making collaborative multidisciplinary space for artistic exchange, emphasising practicesof attention, improvisation, inquiry and being with nature.
Art continuum is connecting artists internationally and feature their work. It has a seasonal projects and laboratories which offers to artists opportunity to join the program from wherever they are, despite the distance.
Currently the residency is not supported by a foundation or grant scheme. It is run by the team’s initiative and resources.
The program is based on donation, offering participants to contribute in realistic terms of their fiscal conditions.